The Research programme on Proactive Computing (PROACT) funded fourteen projects in the field of proactive computing for a three-year period during 2002-2005. A proactive system adapts and adjusts to the user and his or her environment without

requiring any conscious control. The programme integrated technological innovations in hardware and software with psychologial and social science research. The programme was organised in co-operation with Tekes, the National Technology Agency of Finland and the French Ministry of Research and New Technologies.